- Vascular plants
- plants that have vessels to conduct and circulate fluids around their parts
- Vasculated
- having numerous blood vessels
- Velum
- shelf or rim that projects inward around the margin of the bell of a hydozoan, partially closing the opening
- Venom
- a toxin injected into a victim
- Ventral
- toward the lower side or belly; underside; opposite of the dorsal side
- Vertebrate
- animal with a backbone: having a dorsal column of vertebrae
- Vertical migration
- periodic movement of an animal up and down the ocean's water column
- Vertical zonation
- distinct banding of groups, populations or organisms at different levels of a habitat
- Vestigial
- usually a non-functioning remnant of a body part that once existed as a fully functioning part of an organism
- Vibrissa
- whisker(s) of mammals, plural: vibrissae
- Viviparous
- producing living young that develop from eggs retained within the mother's body, receiving nourishment through the placenta
